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Russian Federation Grain and Feed December Grain Update
Russian Federation Grain and Feed December Grain Update
2008
Prepared by: Yelena Vassilieva, Mary Ellen Smith
Report Highlights: Post increased Russia's total grain production forecast by 2.1 MMT to 102.5 MMT. Logistics, financial problems, and tight competition in the foreign markets will limit grain exports to 14.0 MMT of wheat, 2.1 MMT of barley, 150,000 MT of corn. Grain prices remain low. Grain traders are lobbying for emergency government measures to support grain exports.
Executive Summary
According to the recent Russian State Statistical Service's data Russia harvested 112.5 million metric tons (MMT) of grain (bunker weight) by the beginning of November, 2008. Based on this data Post increased Russia's total grain production forecast by 2.1 million metric tons (MMT) to 102.5 MMT, including 62.5 MMT of wheat, 22.0 MMT of barley, 6.2 MMT of corn, 4.2 MMT of rye, 4.7 MMT of oats, 500,000 metric tons (MT) of millet, and 708,000 MT of rice (rough weight). Post forecasts for wheat, barley, corn, rye, and oats are slightly lower than official USDA's forecasts, due to the increased gap between the bunker and the clean weight caused by inadequate storing of grain on farms shortly after the harvest. Russia's official data on grain crop has not been released yet.
By November 24, 2008, Russia exported 9.52 MMT of grain, including 8.48 MMT of wheat and 1.03 MMT of barley. In October - November, 2008, traders have decreased grain shipments due to logistical problems and shortage of credit resources. The tight competition in the foreign markets and decreased financial resources of importers also limit Russia's exports. Post forecasts MY 2008's grain exports at 16.3 MMT, including 14.0 MMT of wheat, 2.1 MMT of barley, 150,000 MT of corn, and 65,000 MT of rye and rice.
Domestic grain prices have been decreasing in November due to the high supply of grain and limited export markets. Grain traders are lobbying for emergency government measures to support grain exports, but the proposed measures have not been adopted by any Government Resolution yet. Meantime the Russian Ministry of Agriculture stimulated grain procurement interventions by increasing Class 3 wheat procurement prices from 5,000 rubles per metric ton to 5,500 rubles per metric ton, and then to 6,000 rubles per metric ton for Ural and Siberian Federal Districts and for Orenburg oblast. As of November 25, 2008, farmers sold 1.63 MMT of grain to the intervention fund, or 20 percent of Ministry of Agriculture's target.
Production
On November 19, 2008, Russian State Statistical Service (Rosstat) reported that as of beginning of November, 2008, Russia harvested 112.5 million metric tons (MMT) of grain (bunker weight), that is 30.6 percent more than last year. Grain was harvested on 95 percent of all grain harvest area, including on 76 percent of corn area. Based on this data Post increased Russia's total grain production forecast by 2.1 million metric tons (MMT) to 102.5 MMT, including 62.5 MMT of wheat, 22.0 MMT of barley, 6.2 MMT of corn, 4.2 MMT of rye, 4.7 MMT of oats, 500,000 metric tons (MT) of millet, and 708,000 MT of rice (rough weight). Post forecasts for wheat, barley, corn, rye, and oats are slightly lower than official USDA's forecasts, due to increased gap between the bunker and the clean weight caused by inadequate storing of grain on farms shortly after the harvest. Russia's Grain Union forecast clean weight grain production at 105 MMT. Russia's official data on clean weight crop has not been released yet.
Trade
According to preliminary Ministry of Agriculture's data, by November 24, 2008, Russia exported 9.52 MMT of grain, including 8.48 MMT of wheat, 1.03 MMT of barley, and 9,000 metric tons of rye. The major importers of Russian wheat are Egypt, Turkey, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, and Iran. In October - November, 2008, traders have decreased grain shipments due to logistical problems and shortage of credit resources. The tight competition in the foreign markets and decreased financial resources of importers also limit Russia's exports. Calculations show that weekly grain exports slowed down in November (Graph 1). Sources report that as of mid November, 2008, grain trading companies have contracts to export another 4.0 MMT of grain. Given the tight competition in the international markets, and the world financial crisis, the further increase of commercial grain exports from Russia is problematic. Post forecasts MY 2008's grain exports at 16.3 MMT, including 14.0 MMT of wheat, 2.1 MMT of barley, 150,000 MT of corn, and 65,000 MT of rye and rice.
Graph 1. Russia: Weekly Grain Exports, MY 2008, 1,000 Metric Tons
Note: Two weeks' exports in October 28 - November 10, 2008, is shown in one column, because weekly data for this period is not available.
Source: Post calculations based on the Russian Ministry of Agriculture's data
Policy
Grain Procurement Interventions
Grain procurements intensified significantly after the procurement price for Class 3 wheat increased from 5,000 rubles to 5,500 rubles (approximately $200) beginning November 6, 2008, for all provinces of the Russian Federation . On November 24, 2008, in accordance with the decision of the Russian Ministry of Agriculture, the intervention price for Class 3 wheat was increased for the Ural and Siberian Federal Districts and for Orenburg oblast from 5,500 rubles per metric tons to 6,000 Rubles ($218) per metric ton. (see Web site of the National Commodity (Merchandize) Exchange: http://www.micex.ru/infocenter/presscenter/features/print/115993)
The first purchase of Class 3 wheat at the new price was on November 6, 2008, and on that day farmers sold 70,740 metric tons of this wheat, while the total amount sold from August 19, 2008, through October 29, 2008, was 4,800 metric tons. The offer of class 3 wheat at the new price was high, and the Commodity Exchange (the Exchange offers its site for the procurement tenders) decided to conduct tenders 3 times a week instead of the previous two. In November 2008 purchases of Class 3 wheat to the intervention fund has been increasing (Chart 2). By November 27, 2008, the government purchased 1.99 MMT, including 1.12 MMT of milling wheat (Classes 3 and 4). The new procurement price for Class 3 wheat for Ural, Siberia, and for Orenburg oblast of 6,000 rubles, will stimulate sales, as these territories are the major producers of this top grade wheat in 2008. According to the Russian Ministry of Agriculture, in MY 2008 the government plans to purchase 5 MMT of milling wheat (Class 3 and 4), and 3 MMT of feed grain (wheat class 5, and barley).
Table 1. Russia: State Procurement Interventions, as of November 27, 2008.
Commodity Purchases, Metric Tons Minimum Price, Ru/MT Maximum Price, Ru/MT Average price, Ru/MT Value of Purchased Grain,
1,000 Ru
Soft milling wheat, Class 3 583,943 5,000 6,000 5,623 3,283,230
Soft milling wheat, Class 4 531,765 4,390 4,900 4,774 2,538,518
Soft wheat, Class 5 651,195 3,190 4,100 3,931 2,559,672
Milling rye, Group A 23,490 3,800 3,900 3,890 91,382
Fodder barley 198,555 3,210 3,800 3,690 732,713
TOTAL 1,988,948 9,205,515
Source: NAMEX
Graph 2. Grain Intervention Purchases, by Dates of Tenders, Metric Tons
Source: Calculated based on NAMEX data
Grain Exports Stimuli
In view of Russia's bumper grain crop and rapidly decreasing grain prices in the domestic market, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Russian Grain Union are working on additional measures to support grain exports from Russia, including reducing grain railway tariffs, expediting VAT reimbursements, and possibly issuing grain exports subsidies . The decision on subsidies has not been made yet, but the Ministry of Agriculture has increased efforts to promote Russia's grain exports as part of inter-government agreements with foreign countries. For example, the media reports Russia and Syria have discussed the purchase of Russian grain. There are also reports that the Agricultural Ministers of Russia and Brazil discussed the exchange of 2.0 MMT's of Russian wheat for of 1.0 MMT of Brazilian soybeans . In this situation the idea of Russian State Grain Monopoly has chances to re-emerge, and Ministry's representatives will have higher authority to conclude grain trade contracts abroad.
Marketing
Experts remark that shortage of credit resources and unclear financial prospects add to the price instability in the grain market. Russia's feed industry's demand for grain has increased, but it does not compensate for slow exports. According to Rosstat's data, domestic railway transportation of mixed feeds in September 2008 was 4.9 percent higher than in September 2007, and in October 2008 transportation of mixed feeds in Russia exceeded October 2007's level by 10.5 percent. However, problems with logistics, uneven distribution of feed grain by provinces, problems with credits, and absence of reliable statistical data on feed industry's demand in grain result in reduced sales, especially feed grain, and in the further decrease in domestic grain prices.
Prices
According to the Ministry of Agriculture, in November 2008 all wheat prices were decreasing. Class 3 wheat prices per metric ton decreased from 5,439 rubles ($198.58) on October 27, 2008, to 4,430 rubles ($160.16) on November 24, 2008, in European Russia, and from 5,519 rubles ($201.50) to 4,475 rubles ($169.02) in Asian Russia. In the same period price of feed wheat dropped in European Russia from 3,273 rubles ($119.50) to 2,477 rubles ($89.55), and in Asian Russia - from 4,236 rubles ($154.65) to 3,532 rubles ($127.69).
Graph 2. Milling and Feed Quality Wheat Prices in European and Asian Russia, MY 2008, Rubles per Metric Ton
Source: Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian federation
Prices of other grain crops were also declining rapidly in European Russia, and corn prices were falling faster than prices of other crops: from 4,430 rubles ($175.30) on September 19, 2008, to 2,525 rubles ($91.30) on November 21, 2008. Experts consider that corn price decreases have been caused by a large crop, and prevailing feeding rations still dominated by wheat in Russia. The majority of feed producers did not use corn, because it has always been more expensive than wheat, and they have not been able to adapt to the new market realities.
Table 2. European Russia: Grain Prices, EXW, Rubles, U.S. Dollars per Metric Ton, July - November 2008
Jul.
04 Jul.
18 Aug.
01 Aug.
15 Aug.
29 Sep.
19 Oct.
03 Oct.
17 Nov.
07 Nov.
14 Nov.
21
Rubles per Metric Ton
Wheat, food quality, class 3 6,700 6,025 5,515 5,660 5,800 5,900 5,770 5,555 4,625 4,450 4,375
Wheat, class 4 6,440 5,610 5,080 4,890 4,930 4,905 4,760 4,450 3,635 3,475 3,415
Food rye 6,685 5,880 4,840 4,345 4,195 4,090 4,000 3,880 3,420 3,055 2,960
Feed wheat 6,090 5,000 3,960 3,565 3,490 3,575 3,470 3,240 2,775 2,570 2,500
Feed barley 5,200 4,665 3,900 3,515 3,505 3,670 3,570 3,350 2,715 2,560 2,470
Feed corn 7,410 7,090 7,000 0 4,430 4,010 3,530 2,700 2,525 2,525
U.S. Dollars per Metric Ton
Wheat, food quality, class 3 284.4 259.6 235.6 231.1 235.1 233.5 220.4 213.2 171.5 162.2 158.2
Wheat, class 4 273.4 241.7 217.1 199.7 199.9 194.1 181.8 170.8 134.8 126.7 123.5
Food rye 283.8 253.3 206.8 177.4 170.1 161.9 152.8 148.9 126.8 11.3 107.0
Feed wheat 258.5 215.4 169.2 145.6 141.5 141.5 132.6 124.3 102.9 93.7 90.4
Feed barley 220.7 201.0 166.6 143.5 142.1 145.2 136.4 128.6 100.7 93.3 89.3
Feed corn 314.5 305.4 299.1 0.0 0 175.3 153.2 135.5 100.1 92.0 91.3
Source: WJ ProZerno
PSD Tables
Table 3. Russia: Wheat
Wheat Russia 2006 2007 2008
2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009
Market Year Begin:
Jul 2006 Market Year Begin:
Jul 2007 Market Year Begin:
Jul 2008
Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed Dec
USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data
Area Harvested 23,700 23,700 23,700 24,500 24,500 24,500 26,700 26,000 26,000 (1000 HA)
Beginning Stocks 3,809 3,809 3,809 2,380 2,380 2,380 2,204 2,270 2,270 (1000 MT)
Production 44,900 44,900 44,900 49,400 49,400 49,400 63,000 61,500 62,500 (1000 MT)
MY Imports 861 861 861 344 350 350 400 300 300 (1000 MT)
TY Imports 861 861 861 344 350 350 400 300 300 (1000 MT)
TY Imp. from U.S. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Total Supply 49,570 49,570 49,570 52,124 52,130 52,130 65,604 64,070 65,070 (1000 MT)
MY Exports 10,790 10,790 10,790 12,220 12,160 12,160 14,000 13,600 14,000 (1000 MT)
TY Exports 10,790 10,790 10,790 12,220 12,160 12,160 14,000 13,600 14,000 (1000 MT)
Feed Consumption 14,100 14,100 14,100 15,050 15,050 15,050 19,500 19,500 19,500 (1000 MT)
FSI Consumption 22,300 22,300 22,300 22,650 22,650 22,650 24,000 24,300 24,300 (1000 MT)
Total Consumption 36,400 36,400 36,400 37,700 37,700 37,700 43,500 43,800 43,800 (1000 MT)
Ending Stocks 2,380 2,380 2,380 2,204 2,270 2,270 8,104 6,670 7,270 (1000 MT)
Total Distribution 49,570 49,570 49,570 52,124 52,130 52,130 65,604 64,070 65,070 (1000 MT)
Yield 2. 2. 1.89 2. 2. 2.02 2. 2. 2.40 (MT/HA)
Table 4. Russia: Barley
Barley Russia 2006 2007 2008
2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009
Market Year Begin:
Jul 2006 Market Year Begin:
Jul 2007 Market Year Begin:
Jul 2008
Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed Dec
USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data
Area Harvested 10,000 10,000 10,000 9,800 8,360 8,360 9,700 9,400 9,400 (1000 HA)
Beginning Stocks 873 873 873 1,226 1,226 1,226 956 736 736 (1000 MT)
Production 18,100 18,100 18,100 15,650 15,665 15,665 22,500 21,600 22,000 (1000 MT)
MY Imports 200 200 200 176 175 175 200 100 100 (1000 MT)
TY Imports 200 200 200 200 175 175 200 100 100 (1000 MT)
TY Imp. from U.S. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Total Supply 19,173 19,173 19,173 17,052 17,066 17,066 23,656 22,436 22,836 (1000 MT)
MY Exports 1,547 1,547 1,547 1,046 1,030 1,030 2,500 2,100 2,100 (1000 MT)
TY Exports 1,691 1,691 1,691 1,200 1,030 1,030 3,000 2,100 2,100 (1000 MT)
Feed Consumption 11,800 11,800 11,800 10,450 10,700 10,700 12,200 12,200 12,200 (1000 MT)
FSI Consumption 4,600 4,600 4,600 4,600 4,600 4,600 5,100 5,000 5,100 (1000 MT)
Total Consumption 16,400 16,400 16,400 15,050 15,300 15,300 17,300 17,200 17,300 (1000 MT)
Ending Stocks 1,226 1,226 1,226 956 736 736 3,856 3,136 3,436 (1000 MT)
Total Distribution 19,173 19,173 19,173 17,052 17,066 17,066 23,656 22,436 22,836 (1000 MT)
Yield 2. 2. 1.81 2. 2. 1.87 2. 2. 2.34 (MT/HA)
Table 5. Russia: Corn
Corn
Russia 2006 2007 2008
2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009
Market Year Begin:
Oct 2006 Market Year Begin:
Oct 2007 Market Year Begin:
Oct 2008
Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed Dec
USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data
Area Harvested 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,600 1,550 1,550 (1000 HA)
Beginning Stocks 144 144 144 175 175 175 175 175 175 (1000 MT)
Production 3,600 3,670 3,670 3,950 3,950 3,950 6,500 5,600 6,200 (1000 MT)
MY Imports 108 108 108 250 250 250 150 150 100 (1000 MT)
TY Imports 108 108 108 250 250 250 150 150 100 (1000 MT)
TY Imp. from U.S. 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Total Supply 3,852 3,922 3,922 4,375 4,375 4,375 6,825 5,925 6,475 (1000 MT)
MY Exports 77 77 77 50 50 50 150 150 150 (1000 MT)
TY Exports 77 77 77 50 50 50 150 150 150 (1000 MT)
Feed Consumption 3,100 3,170 3,170 3,550 3,550 3,550 4,800 4,600 4,800 (1000 MT)
FSI Consumption 500 500 500 600 600 600 700 600 700 (1000 MT)
Total Consumption 3,600 3,670 3,670 4,150 4,150 4,150 5,500 5,200 5,500 (1000 MT)
Ending Stocks 175 175 175 175 175 175 1,175 575 825 (1000 MT)
Total Distribution 3,852 3,922 3,922 4,375 4,375 4,375 6,825 5,925 6,475 (1000 MT)
Yield 4. 4. 3.67 3. 3. 3.04 4. 4. 4. (MT/HA)
Table 6. Russia: Rye
Rye
Russia 2006 2007 2008
2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009
Market Year Begin:
Jul 2006 Market Year Begin:
Jul 2007 Market Year Begin:
Jul 2008
Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed Dec
USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data
Area Harvested 1,800 1,800 1,800 2,100 2,100 2,100 2,200 2,200 2,200 (1000 HA)
Beginning Stocks 126 126 126 76 76 76 56 76 76 (1000 MT)
Production 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,900 3,915 3,915 4,400 4,200 4,200 (1000 MT)
MY Imports 50 50 50 5 5 5 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
TY Imports 50 50 50 5 5 5 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
TY Imp. from U.S. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Total Supply 3,176 3,176 3,176 3,981 3,996 3,996 4,456 4,276 4,276 (1000 MT)
MY Exports 0 0 0 100 120 120 100 100 50 (1000 MT)
TY Exports 64 64 64 100 120 120 100 100 50 (1000 MT)
Feed Consumption 100 100 100 650 620 620 650 660 650 (1000 MT)
FSI Consumption 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,175 3,180 3,180 3,375 3,200 3,245 (1000 MT)
Total Consumption 3,100 3,100 3,100 3,825 3,800 3,800 4,025 3,860 3,895 (1000 MT)
Ending Stocks 76 76 76 56 76 76 331 316 331 (1000 MT)
Total Distribution 3,176 3,176 3,176 3,981 3,996 3,996 4,456 4,276 4,276 (1000 MT)
Yield 2. 2. 1.67 2. 2. 1.86 2. 2. 1.91 (MT/HA)
Table 7. Russia: Oats
Oats
Russia 2006 2007 2008
2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009
Market Year Begin:
Jul 2006 Market Year Begin:
Jul 2007 Market Year Begin:
Jul 2008
Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed Dec
USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data
Area Harvested 3,600 3,600 3,600 3,700 3,320 3,320 3,700 3,200 3,200 (1000 HA)
Beginning Stocks 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 (1000 MT)
Production 4,900 4,900 4,900 5,400 5,410 5,410 5,400 4,700 4,700 (1000 MT)
MY Imports 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
TY Imports 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
TY Imp. from U.S. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Total Supply 5,090 5,090 5,090 5,590 5,600 5,600 5,590 4,890 4,890 (1000 MT)
MY Exports 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
TY Exports 4 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Feed Consumption 3,300 3,300 3,300 3,800 3,810 3,810 3,400 3,100 3,100 (1000 MT)
FSI Consumption 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 (1000 MT)
Total Consumption 4,900 4,900 4,900 5,400 5,410 5,410 5,000 4,700 4,700 (1000 MT)
Ending Stocks 190 190 190 190 190 190 590 190 190 (1000 MT)
Total Distribution 5,090 5,090 5,090 5,590 5,600 5,600 5,590 4,890 4,890 (1000 MT)
Yield 1. 1. 1.36 1. 2. 1.63 1. 1. 1.47 (MT/HA)
Table 8. Russia: Rice
Rice, Milled
Russia 2006 2007 2008
2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009
Market Year Begin:
Jan 2007 Market Year Begin:
Jan 2008 Market Year Begin:
Jan 2009
Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed Dec
USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data
Area Harvested 163 163 163 163 160 160 164 170 170 (1000 HA)
Beginning Stocks 104 104 104 69 69 69 69 59 59 (1000 MT)
Milled Production 445 445 445 460 450 450 450 500 460 (1000 MT)
Rough Production 685 685 685 708 709 709 692 769 708 (1000 MT)
Milling Rate (.9999) 6,500 6,500 6,500 6,500 6,350 6,350 6,500 6,500 6,500 (1000 MT)
MY Imports 250 250 250 233 230 230 240 220 240 (1000 MT)
TY Imports 250 250 250 233 230 230 240 220 240 (1000 MT)
TY Imp. from U.S. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Total Supply 799 799 799 762 749 749 759 779 759 (1000 MT)
MY Exports 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 20 15 (1000 MT)
TY Exports 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 20 20 (1000 MT)
Total Consumption 715 715 715 678 675 675 675 685 675 (1000 MT)
Ending Stocks 69 69 69 69 59 59 69 74 69 (1000 MT)
Total Distribution 799 799 799 762 749 749 759 779 759 (1000 MT)
Yield (Rough) 4. 4.20 4. 4.43 4. 4.16 (MT/HA)
Table 9. Russia: Millet
Millet
Russia 2006 2007 2008
2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009
Market Year Begin:
Jul 2006 Market Year Begin:
Jul 2007 Market Year Begin:
Jul 2008
Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed New
Post Annual Data
Displayed Aug
USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data USDA
Official Post
Estimate Data
Area Harvested 700 700 700 500 375 375 500 500 500 (1000 HA)
Beginning Stocks 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Production 600 600 600 425 420 420 700 500 500 (1000 MT)
MY Imports 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
TY Imports 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
TY Imp. from U.S. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Total Supply 600 600 600 425 420 420 700 500 500 (1000 MT)
MY Exports 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
TY Exports 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Feed Consumption 300 300 300 225 220 220 400 300 300 (1000 MT)
FSI Consumption 300 300 300 200 200 200 300 200 200 (1000 MT)
Total Consumption 600 600 600 425 420 420 700 500 500 (1000 MT)
Ending Stocks 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (1000 MT)
Total Distribution 600 600 600 425 420 420 700 500 500 (1000 MT)
Yield 1. 0.86 1. 1. 1.12 1. 1. 1. (MT/HA)
Date: 04.12.2008
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